U.S. GRAIN EXPORTS BY OUTLET AND END MARKET, 1993
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
U.S. grain exports in 1993 were 101.4 Mt, 3.9% below the 105.5 Mt in 1992 and 7.4% lower than the 108.6 Mt average of the last five years. Exports through the GL-SLS during the same period were 4.9 Mt, 4.6% below the 5.2 Mt in 1992 but 1.2% higher than the 4.8 Mt average of the last five years. Meanwhile, the share of this outlet of total U.S. grain exports declined to 4.8% from 4.9% in 1992 but was slightly higher than the 4.5% average of the last five years. The decrease of U.S. grain exports through the GL-SLS in 1993 can be attributed to weaker U.S. grain exports to the FSU and Canada.
Meanwhile, grain exports through the U.S. Gulf in 1993 were 70.0 Mt, 6.3% below the 74.7 Mt in 1992 and 5% lower than the 73.7 Mt average of the last five years The share of this outlet of total1 U.S. grain exports also declined to 69.0% from 70.8% in 1992. Grain exports through the U.S. Pacific in 1993 were 20.2 Mt, similar to 1992 but 15.3% lower than the 23.9 Mt average of the last five years. Meanwhile, grain exports through the U.S. Atlantic increased by 33.8% to 3.6 Mt and its share rose to 3.5% from 2.5% in 1992.
U.S. GRAIN EXPORT SITUATION
U.S. grain production in the 1992-93 crop year was 405.6 Mt, 23.5% above the 328.4 Mt of 1991-92. On the other hand, grain stocks at the beginning of the year were 54.7 Mt, 30.0% below the previous season. Meanwhile, U.S. grain exports in 1992-93 were 110.1 Mt compared to 103.3 Mt in 1991-92 (Please see Chart 1).
Grain exports for the 1993 calendar year were 101.4 Mt, 3.9% below the 105.5 Mt in 1992 and 6.6% lower than the 108.6 Mt average of the last five years..
Asia imported 44.34 Mt of U.S. grain in 1993, 0.1% above the 44.31 Mt in 1992 and its share of total U.S. grain exports increased from 42.0% to 43.7%. Meanwhile, North Africa & the Middle East outranked the former Soviet Union (FSU) for the second place, importing 17.4 Mt, 25.1% above the 13.9 Mt in 1992 and its share of total U.S. grain exports jumped from 13.2% to 17.2%.
Latin America imported 14.1 Mt, accounting for 13.9% of total U.S. grain exports. Western Europe followed with 10.0 Mt and 9.8% share. The FSU, which ranked second last season, followed with 9.4 Mt and 9.3% share, down from 14.2 Mt and 13.5% share in 1992. Other Africa followed with 3.9 Mt and 3.8% share. Meanwhile, Eastern Europe1 imported 1.9 Mt up from 0.4 Mt and its share rose from 0.4% in 1992 to 1.9%. Canada received 0.35 Mt representing 0.3% of total U.S. grain exports.
The impact of the U.S. grain export situation was reflected in the level and direction of grain flowing through the alternative U.S. seaboard outlets.
THE GREAT LAKES - ST. LAWRENCE SEAWAY
U.S. grain exports through the Great Lakes - St. Lawrence Seaway (GL-SLS) in 1993 were 4.9 Mt, 4.6% below the 5.2 Mt in 1992 but 1.2% higher than the 4.8 Mt average of the last five years. Meanwhile, the share of this outlet of total U.S. grain exports declined to 4.8% from 4.9% in 1992 but was slightly higher than the 4.5% average of the last five years.
The decrease of U.S. grain exports through the GL-SLS in 1993, compared to 1992, can be mainly attributed to weaker U.S. grain exports to the FSU and Canada.
North Africa & the Middle East received 1.8 Mt of U.S. grain through the GL-SLS in 1993, 23.1% more than the 1.5 Mt in 1992. This amount represented 37.4% of total U.S. grain exported through the waterway in 1993. Western Europe ranked second with 1.1 Mt, accounting for 23.2% of U.S. grain exported through the waterway. The FSU followed with 0.7 Mt and 14.7% share, down from 1.1 Mt and 20.6 % share in 1992. Canada followed with (0.35 Mt / 7.0%), Other Africa (0.34 Mt / 6.8%), Latin America (0.23 Mt / 4.6%), Asia (0.18 Mt / 3.6%), and Eastern Europe (0.13 Mt / 2.6%).
THE U.S. ATLANTIC
U.S. grain exports through the U.S. Atlantic in 1993 were 3.6 Mt, 33.8% above the 2.7 Mt in 1992 but 10.7% below the 4.0 Mt average of the last five years. Meanwhile, The share of this outlet of total U.S. grain exports increased to 3.5% from 2.5% in 1992 but was below the 3.7% average of the last five years.
North Africa & the Middle East received 1.4 Mt of U.S. grain via the U.S. Atlantic in 1993, 175% higher than the 0.5 Mt in 1992. This amount represented 38.6% of total U.S. grain exported through the Atlantic compared to 18.8% for the same period last year.
Western Europe ranked second with 0.8 Mt, accounting for 22.3% of all U.S. grain exported via this outlet. Asia followed with 0.6 Mt and 17.2% share, the FSU (0.38 Mt / 10.6%), Eastern Europe (0.18 Mt / 5.1%), Latin America (0.16 Mt / 4.3%) and Other Africa (0.07 Mt / 2.0%).
THE U.S. GULF
U.S. grain exports through the U.S. Gulf in 1993 were 70.0 Mt, 6.3% below the 74.7 Mt in 1992 and 5% lower than the 73.7 Mt average of the last five years. Meanwhile, the share of this outlet of total U.S. grain exports declined to 69.0% from 70.8% in 1992 but was higher than the 67.8% average of the last five years.
Asia received 26.4 Mt of U.S. grain via the U.S. Gulf in 1993, 3.6% higher than the 25.5 Mt in 1992. This represented 37.7% of total U.S. grain exported through this outlet. North Africa & the Middle East ranked second with 12.1 Mt and 17.3% share, compared to 10.6 Mt and 14.2% share in 1992. Latin America followed with 10.6 Mt and 15.2% share.
Meanwhile exports to the FSU in 1993 declined by 34.1% from 12.3 Mt to 8.1 Mt. This accounted for 11.5% of total U.S. grain exported through this outlet compared to 16.4% in 1992. Western Europe followed with 8.0 Mt and 11.4% share, Other Africa (3.2 Mt / 4.6%). and Eastern Europe (1.6 Mt / 2.3%) compared to only 0.3 Mt in 1992.
THE U.S. PACIFIC
U.S. grain exports through the U.S. Pacific in 1993 were 20.2 Mt, almost similar to 1992 but 15.3% lower than the 23.9 Mt average of the last five years. Meanwhile, the share of this outlet of total U.S. grain exports increased to 19.9% from 19.1% in 1992 but was lower than the 22.0% average of the last five years.
Asia received 17.2 Mt of U.S. grain via the U.S. Pacific in 1993, 5.7% lower than the 18.2 Mt in 1992. Exports to this market represented 84.9.% of all U.S. grain exported through this outlet in 1993. North Africa & the Middle East ranked far second with 2.1 Mt, accounting for 10.4% of all U.S. grain exported via the U.S. Pacific. Latin America followed with 0.40 Mt, accounting for 2.0%, Other Africa (0.29 Mt / 1.4%), the FSU (0.23 Mt / 1.1%) and Western Europe (0.02 Mt / 0.1%).